Horizontal view

This horizontal view of the Internet can be divided into two main parts:

Network edge
Network core

The part of the network closest to the final users. Ranging from residential access to mobile access networks. Heterogeneous devices. An Internet Service Provider (ISP) usually provides these networks.

The network edge is composed of heterogeneous devices: PCs, VoIP phones, mobile phones, telephones, ADSL accesses, fiber, etc.

Composed of the innards of the Internet, usually “hidden” from the end user. This consists mainly of a mesh of interconnected routers. Homogeneous devices. ISPs need to coordinate among them to forward packets crossing different domains.

The network core is basically composed of routers and interconnections. This part of the network is usually divided into the so-called “Tier”. Tier 1 networks are the deeper part of the Internet, Tier 2 might belong to an Internet Service Provider (ISP) and Tier 3 would be the closest to final users.
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This resource was developed as part of an Erasmus+ project, funded with support from the European Commission under grant agreement 2016-1-SE01-KA203-22064.

The project was a collaboration between:

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