VLANs Virtual LANs
Switches supporting VLAN capabilities can be configured to define multiple virtual LANs over single physical LAN infrastructure.
Figure 27 Example of a switch with two VLANs
Virtual LAN by Oyuhain (Own work) from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 4.0
We also may have VLANs spanning multiple switches:
Figure 28 Rackmount Ethernet switches and patch panels may build several VLANs
A couple of managed D-Link Gigabit Ethernet rackmount switches.... by Dsimic (Own work) from Wikipedia CC BY-SA 4.0
Trunk port carries frames between VLANs defined over multiple physical switches. Frames forwarded within VLAN between switches can’t be vanilla 802.1 frames. 801.1q protocol adds/removes additional header fields for frames forwarded between trunk ports.
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